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The MGM Grand is a massive hotel and casino complex and boasts the largest casino floor in Las Vegas, and also has the second biggest hotel in the city, and the third largest hotel in the world. Nothing here is on a small scale in fact and this is indeed a very popular destination and competes very well with everything that Las Vegas has to offer.

Living Vegas to the fullest starts with selecting your room at MGM Grand Las Vegas Hotel & Casino. Rooms If you're just looking for a place to crash in between Las Vegas adventures, you're going to get way more than you bargained for. MGM Grand Hotel and Casino is an excellent choice for travelers visiting Las Vegas, offering a trendy environment alongside many helpful amenities designed to enhance your stay. Guest rooms offer amenities such as a minibar, a flat screen TV, and air conditioning, and guests can go online with free internet access offered by the resort. The MGM Grand Hotel and Casino is a major player in Las Vegas, the centerpiece of a huge gaming company, and is well worth the consideration of anyone who is planning on being in the Las Vegas area and are seeking the best experience in a hotel casino resort complex. The MGM Grand Experience.

The MGM Grand was built on the old site of the Marina Hotel and Casino, which closed down in 1990. The old Marina hotel building was kept and renovated, and the site was greatly expanded to accommodate this new huge project.

The MGM Grand was completed in 1991, and in its earlier years, it was more of a kids themed complex, starting out with a prominent Wizard of Oz theme, replete with an Emerald City, with a yellow brick road walkthrough and all the characters from the movie featured prominently.

1996 saw its first major renovation and the first thing to go was the Wizard of Oz theme, which was more Disneyland than a casino really, in spite of the company owning the rights to the film and wanting to take advantage of that.

They were still intent on promoting a theme though so they switched to the MGM lion, and at one time visitors had to walk through the mouth of the lion to enter, something they later reconsidered and got rid of. They settled for a 45 foot high lion statue instead, although this is impressive enough, as the largest bronze statue in the United States.

They also toyed with various other ideas like a theme park, with the intention of attracting more kids and thus making it a more family oriented casino, but the theme park performed poorly and later was changed to a luxury condominium complex. A live lion exhibit was tried as well, which ended up eventually being closed.

Mgm Casino Las Vegas Map

The current theme has moved to a more mature Art Deco feel of classic Hollywood, and they have seemed to find their niche here. More renovations were completed in 2012, bringing the MGM Grand up to contemporary standards as well as being more appealing. They have tried all sorts of gimmicks over the years but have settled in on just providing people with a great place to stay and gamble, and that’s working out very well.

MGM Grand is owned by MGM Resorts International, one of the largest casino companies in the world, with revenues of over $10 billion a year, with several other notable properties in Las Vegas as well as elsewhere around the world. One of their strong features is their M Life rewards program, where points can be collected at any of their facilities in a common program.

The MGM Grand Hotel and Casino is a major player in Las Vegas, the centerpiece of a huge gaming company, and is well worth the consideration of anyone who is planning on being in the Las Vegas area and are seeking the best experience in a hotel casino resort complex.

The MGM Grand Experience

The MGM Grand has accommodations to suit everyone’s budget, starting at just $79 a night. You can spend more than this though, a lot more in fact, and there are lots of options indeed.

The main hotel building offers 4,293 standard rooms from $79-$499 per night, and 751 suites from $250 to $2500 per night. That’s over 5,000 rooms and suites right there, with varying degrees of luxury.

On the top 2 floors, you will find the five diamond rated Skylofts at MGM Grand, with 51 lofts running between $2,000 and $10,000 per night.

The Signature at MGM Grand consists of three separate towers, with 576 suites each, costing between $170 to $599 per night.

You can also book one of the villas at the Mansion at MGM Grand, or perhaps be given a stay there if you are a big enough of a VIP, and these villas run between $5,000 and $30,000 a night.

Perhaps you want to own a suite here instead, and if so, you can purchase one of the 576 suites at the Signature at MGM Grand, with prices ranging from $450,000 to $2 million. So no one is left out here regardless of your budget or your preferences.

You’re in the big time here, and the entertainment at the MGM Grand is big time as well, with several different entertainment venues boasting everything from a Cirque du Soleil production, a comedy club, an arena hosting sporting events, the David Copperfield Theatre with nightly shows by the magician, and several clubs.

There are several dining options of course, and they have attracted some big name chefs here showcasing their latest creations, as well as selections to suit everyone’s tastes and budget, including a very popular buffet program.

There’s also the Grand Spa, a salon with world class stylists, golf packages, and a 6.5 acre pool. There’s also 20 different specialty shops on site to check out.

The Casino At MGM Grand

The casino is the main course of any hotel casino complex, and this is surely the case here, and no one has more gaming space in Vegas than the MGM Grand. At the heart of the casino experience here is their M Life program, ensuring that virtually every dollar you spend here or at any of their other casino resorts gets counted and rewarded.

They start you out with over 2,500 gaming machines, including the latest in video slots, plenty of video poker, as well as electronic table games. This is the major leagues for slot makers and everyone wants their latest creations featured in a casino like this.

Stakes range from penny slots all the way up to $1000 a spin in their high roller slot area. There are also lots of progressive slots, starting with individual progressives, and some machines are networked with slots in other MGM Resorts International properties, resulting in some of the biggest casino payouts of all time.

The high limit area can be enjoyed by those who play for $5 and up, and provide further amenities and even more personalized service. There are also slot tournaments that run here, adding even more excitement to playing slots.

There are also 130 table and poker games to tempt you. Table game selections include all the popular ones, Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, Pai Gow Poker, Pai Gow Tiles, Let it Ride, 3 Card Poker, Crazy 4 Poker, and Casino War.

There’s also a large poker room here that caters to small to mid stakes players exclusively, with limits ranging from $1/$2 to $5/$10 no limit Holdem, and $2/6 and $4/8 limit Holdem. The poker room is known as the $1/$2 capital of Vegas in fact.

They top things off with a 60 screen race and sports book, with seating for 104 guests as well as skyboxes available for larger parties. This is all state of the art and bring all the excitement of horse and sports betting right to you, live.

The MGM Grand Hotel and Casino is indeed grand, and something that all casino travelers need to experience.

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The MGM Grand fire occurred on Friday, November 21, 1980 at the MGM Grand Hotel and Casino (now Bally's Las Vegas) in Paradise, Nevada. The fire killed 85 people, most through smoke inhalation.^[1] The tragedy remains the deadliest disaster in Nevada history, and the third-deadliest hotel fire in modern U.S. history, after the 1946 Winecoff Hotel fire in Atlanta that killed 119 people and the San Juan (Puerto Rico) Dupont Plaza Hotel fire on December 31, 1986, in which 97 perished.

• 1Fire
• 2Cause
• 4Aftermath

Fire[edit]

At the time of the fire, about 5,000 people were in the hotel and casino, a 26-story luxury resort with more than 2,000 hotel rooms.^[2] At approximately 7:07 a.m. on Friday, November 21, 1980, a fire began in a restaurant known as The Deli. The fire was discovered during an inspection of the restaurant by a tile crew. A crew supervisor noticed a flickering light, which turned out to be a wall of flames.^[3] An employee of the hotel's bakery recounted how just after 7 a.m. he saw smoke coming from the ceiling vents and the lights went out.^[4] MGM Security was immediately advised of the situation, and alerted the Clark County Fire Department which was the first agency to respond. CCFD received a call reporting the fire at 7:17 am, with the first engine arriving on site at 7:19 am. A third alarm was called at 7:22 am, and a Metro Police Helicopter pilot requested all available helicopters at 7:30 am.^[5]

Other agencies included the North Las Vegas Fire Department, Las Vegas Fire & Rescue, and the Henderson Fire Department. A massive helicopter rescue effort from Nellis Air Force Base pulled 1,000 people from the roof of the MGM Grand,^[3] involving both U.S. Air ForceUH-1N (Hueys) from the 57th Wing based in Indian Springs and CH-3E (Jolly Green Giants) from the 1st Special Operations Wing based in Hurlburt Field, Florida (which were in Nevada to participate in Red Flag '80).

The fire spread to the lobby, fed by wallpaper, PVC piping, glue, and plastic mirrors, racing through the casino floor at a speed of 15–19 ft/s (4.6–5.8 m/s; 10–13 mph; 16–21 km/h) until a massive fireball blew out the main entrance along The Strip. From the time the fire was noticed, it took six minutes for the entire building to be fully engulfed.^[6] It spread across the areas of the casino in which no fire sprinklers were installed. Eighteen people died in the casino level of the hotel.^[7]

The burning material created toxic fumes and smoke, which ascended throughout the hotel tower via vertical shafts (elevators and stairwells) and seismic joints and caused the majority of the deaths.^[8] Firefighters reported having to crawl through the dark and over 'mounds of stuff' trying to extinguish the fire, it was later determined that the 'mounds' were deceased guests and staff near an elevator bank.^[3] Proper evacuation of the hotel guests was hindered as there was no automatic means of returning elevators to the main floor during a fire, causing 10 deceased victims to be found in an elevator.^[7] Survivors recounted how some in the hotel had tied bedsheets together and hung them on balconies in an attempt to escape upper floor rooms and alert first responders.^[4]

Victims[edit]

A total of 85 people were killed (including seven employees) and 650 injured, including guests, employees, and 14 firefighters.^[1] While the fire primarily damaged the second-floor casino and adjacent restaurants, 61 deaths were on the upper floors of the hotel (19th - 24th floors), mostly in the stairwells, where all doors except on the roof and ground floor were locked and the smoke concentration was the highest.^[9] Some guests died in their sleep.^{[citation needed]}

Seventy-five people died from smoke inhalation and carbon monoxide poisoning; four from smoke inhalation alone; three from burns and smoke inhalation; one from burns alone; one from massive skull trauma, caused by jumping from a high window; and one of myocarditis.^[1] The disaster led to the general publicizing of the fact that during a building fire, smoke inhalation is a more serious threat than flames.^{[citation needed]}

Cause[edit]

The fire was confined to the casino and restaurant areas. The hotel was equipped with a fire sprinkler system that performed properly by keeping the fire out of other sections of the building. The area with the most fire prevention was in the money counting area, not in individual rooms or on the casino floor.^{[10][citation needed]}

Electric fire[edit]

The fire was caused by an electrical ground fault inside a wall socket.^[11][12]

A refrigerated pastry display case was added, after original construction of the hotel, to one of its restaurants (known as The Deli).^[10] Unlike a modern display case, which would be totally self-contained (compressor installed in bottom of display case), this unit functioned like a walk-in cooler or central air conditioning system, with a pair of copper refrigerant lines connecting its evaporator to a condensing unit located outside the building. When this set-up was installed, the copper lineset was run through the same wall soffit as a pre-existing electrical conduit and in physical contact with the conduit.^{[3][citation needed]}

The fan-forced evaporator unit in the display case was not properly secured, and thus was able to vibrate constantly while in operation; these vibrations were carried along the copper refrigerant lines, causing the pipes to rub against the electrical conduit in the wall soffit and make them vibrate as well. Through a combination of galvanic corrosion (where the copper refrigerant pipes were in physical contact with the aluminum electrical conduit, causing the conduit to erode over time), and vibration – as well as jagged edges and stretched wires resulting from poor workmanship during the installation – the electrical wires inside the conduit ended up missing chunks of their plastic insulation, and the conduit was rendered un-grounded (there was no separate ground wire; the metal conduit itself was designed to function as the ground, so the disintegration of the conduit rendered the system un-grounded).

These now-bare electrical conductors inside the un-grounded metal conduit glowed red-hot and began arcing, which ignited the fire.^[1] The fire reportedly smoldered for hours until it found fresh oxygen and burst into a fireball that burst into the casino, and was fed by other combustibles.^[13]

Spread of smoke[edit]

Due to faulty smoke dampers within the ventilation duct network, the toxic fumes circulated throughout the hotel's air conditioning system, accelerating the spread of the poisonous gases.^[14] The elevator shafts were located above the restaurant and casino and aided the spreading of smoke, and guests who discovered fire doors in some stairwells automatically locked, propped them open allowing for more smoke to spread.^[13]

Sprinkler rule exceptions[edit]

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The casino and restaurants were not protected by a fire sprinkler system because they were exempt from rules requiring fire sprinklers in areas occupied 24 hours a day.^[11] A Clark County building inspector granted the exemption—despite the opposition of fire marshals—reasoning that a fire would be quickly noticed by occupants and contained with portable fire extinguishers. When the fire started in The Deli restaurant it was no longer open 24 hours per day; in fact it was closed and unoccupied.^[15]

Aftermath[edit]

The hotel (originally built in 1973) was repaired and improved,^[16] including the addition of fire sprinklers and an automatic fire alarm system throughout the property.^[17]

The hotel was sold to Bally's Entertainment, which changed the name to Bally's Las Vegas. Similar upgrades were also made to the nearly identical property (now the Grand Sierra Resort) in Reno, Nevada. The tower in which most of the deaths occurred is still operating as part of the hotel today. A second tower opened in 1981. The present MGM Grand hotel-casino was built to the south, near the northeast corner of Las Vegas Boulevard and Tropicana Avenue.

Code changes[edit]

On February 10, 1981, just 81 days after the MGM fire, another fire broke out at the Las Vegas Hilton, killing at least five people.^[18] Due to the two incidents, there was a major reformation of fire safety guidelines and codes. All buildings open to the public in Nevada were required to have fire sprinklers, smoke detectors in rooms and elevators, and exit maps in all hotel rooms. This law went into effect in 1981 and made Nevada a leader in fire safety regulation.^[19]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abcd'MGM Fire Investigation Report'(PDF). Clark County Fire Department. Archived from the original(PDF) on November 9, 2013. Retrieved August 17, 2014.
2. ^(Best & Demers 1982, p. vi)
3. ^ ^abcd'Hotel Impossible's Anthony Melchiorri Revisits the MGM Grand Fire of Nov. 21, 1980 - Naples Herald'. Naples Herald. November 21, 2015. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
4. ^ ^ab'Survivors, witnesses describe chaos of MGM Grand fire'. LasVegasSun.com. November 21, 2012. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
5. ^'Lessons from the Past: MGM Grand Fire'. Firehouse. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
6. ^Hopkins, Justin (November 21, 2017). 'Nov. 21st marks anniversary of MGM fire'. LASVEGASNOW. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
7. ^ ^abCraighead, Geoff (2009). High-Rise Security and Fire Life Safety. Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN978-1856175555.
8. ^(Best & Demers 1982, p. 26)
9. ^Sumka, E.H (1990s). 'Presently, Elevators are not Safe in Fire Emergencies'(PDF). Advisory Engineer, Codes and Product Application, Westinghouse Elevator Co.: 79–82.
10. ^ ^ab'The MGM Grand Had So Many Construction Flaws That 85 People Died When A Fire Broke Out In The Casino'. Ranker. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
11. ^ ^abMarsha Giesler (November 8, 2016). Fire and Life Safety Educator: Principles and Practice. Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 12–. ISBN978-1-284-04197-2.
12. ^Earl W. Roberts (September 1, 2000). Overcurrents and Undercurrents: All About Gfcls and Afcls. Reptec. ISBN978-0-9674323-1-1.
13. ^ ^abTubbs, Jeffrey; Meacham, Brian (2007). Egress Design Solutions: A Guide to Evacuation and Crowd Management Planning. Wiley. pp. 74–76. ISBN978-0471719564.
14. ^John Mittendorf; Dave Dodson (January 7, 2015). The Art of Reading Buildings. Fire Engineering Books. pp. 60–. ISBN978-1-59370-342-4.
15. ^Morrison, Jane Ann (November 20, 2005). 'IN DEPTH: MGM GRAND HOTEL FIRE: 25 YEARS LATER: Disaster didn't have to be'. Las Vegas Review Journal. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved August 17, 2014.
16. ^Janice Oberding (August 11, 2013). Haunted Nevada: Ghosts and Strange Phenomena of the Silver State. Stackpole Books. pp. 89–. ISBN978-0-8117-5295-4.
17. ^IDG Enterprise (March 30, 1981). Computerworld. IDG Enterprise. pp. 46–. ISSN0010-4841.
18. ^'Killer fire sweeps LV Hilton'. Las Vegas Sun. February 11, 1981. Retrieved July 7, 2011.
19. ^Christian, Susan (November 18, 1990). 'Burning Memories : Ten years later, survivors continue to relive the MGM Grand fire'. The L.A. Times. p. 3. Retrieved October 19, 2017.

• Best, Richard; Demers, David P. (January 15, 1982). 'Investigation report on the MGM hotel fire'(PDF). National Fire Protection Association. Retrieved August 17, 2014.
• Bryan, John (1992). Human Behavior and Fire. In Arthur Cote (ed.) NFPA Handbook, Section 7, Chapter 1. Quincy MA: NFPA. ISBN0-87765-378-X

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External links[edit]

Mgm Casino Las Vegas Nv

Online articles

• MGM Grand Las Vegas 11/21/1980 Fire Clark County F.D. Final Report (November 21, 1980) reports 85 deaths and 'more than 700 injuries'
• Dickensheets, Scott; Schmidt, Amy (October 2000). 'Burned Into Memory'. Las Vegas Life. Archived from the original on March 31, 2008.
• Fitzpatrick, Tom (December 3, 1980). 'Las Vegas a town of no pity or shame'(PDF). Las Vegas Journal Review (first printed in the Arizona Republic). Archived from the original(PDF) on October 13, 2012. 1980 article on the darker side of the reaction to the fire.
• Mirkah, Azarang (November 18, 2010). 'Lessons from the Past: MGM Grand Fire'. Firehouse.com.
• Morrison, Jane Ann (November 20, 2005). 'With probe tapes safe, politicians felt heat long after MGM Grand fire'. Las Vegas Review Journal. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012.
• Morrison, Jane Ann (November 20, 2005). 'IN DEPTH: MGM GRAND HOTEL FIRE: 25 YEARS LATER: Incoming fire chief saw history as rookie'. Las Vegas Review Journal. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012.
• Morrison, Jane Ann (November 22, 2013). 'Another November event had lasting impact in Las Vegas'. Las Vegas Review Journal.
• Rusin, Mark (November 20, 2005). 'IN DEPTH: MGM GRAND HOTEL FIRE: 25 YEARS LATER: Officer recalls eerie scene at burned hotel'. Las Vegas Review Journal. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012.
• Toplikar, Dave (November 21, 2012). ''They were absolutely heroes': The MGM Grand fire and the men who fought it'. Las Vegas Sun.
• Toplikar, Dave (November 21, 2012). 'Survivors, witnesses describe chaos of MGM Grand fire'. Las Vegas Sun.

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Videos and audio

• Las Vegas Sun: MGM Grand 1980 Firefighters on YouTube
• National Fire Protection Association: MGM Grand Hotel Fire Anniversary – Part 1 on YouTube
• National Fire Protection Association: MGM Grand Hotel Fire Anniversary – Part 2 on YouTube

Coordinates: 36°06′51″N115°10′20″W / 36.11417°N 115.17222°W

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